BIOL 205 Lecture Notes - Genetic Variation, Pattern Formation, Wild Type

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A: c a in intron 1 : However if changes message for where supposed to splice out, can be bad. B: c g mutation in the promoter. C: tryptophan stop codon mutation in first intron: we know for sure gonna stop. D: typ stop codon in last exon. If a is recessive, then you will only observe the phenotype when homozygous: a/a. (gives rises to a recessive phenotype) Most people (except for identical twins*) do not share the same sequence of dna. How does variation arise: during meiosis the random mixing of maternal and paternal chromosomes. The union of which egg and sperm is also random*. Variation arises by mutation: spontaneous (i. e. mistakes in replication, genetic variation can be produced in the laboratory by using high-energy radiation or chemicals to produce mutations. * some caveats: not actually random, sperm all different fastest largest sperm reach egg first. A mutant gene causing albinism not specific to humans: birds, marsupials and reptiles.

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