BIOL 330 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Signal Recognition Particle, Signal Peptidase, Electric Charge

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Extracellular signal molecule comes in and binds to a receptor protein. Receptor protein either ion channel, enzyme-linked channel or g-protein. G-protein linked receptors are trimeric gtp-binding (g-protein) that regulate the activity of other proteins. Enzyme linked receptors may possess intrinsic enzyme activity. Have highly impermeable membranes and and many membrane proteins. Proteins are fully synthesized in the cytosol and hsp70 (cytosolic hsp70) prevents them from folding (type of chaperone) Transport machinery (on the mitochondrial outer membrane) recognise n-terminal signal sequence. Tom (transport across outer membrane) complex is made up of receptors and translocation channels and is found on the outer mitochondrial membrane. The outer and inner mitochondrial membranes are joined by the tom and tim(23) complex interactions. Unfolded proteins are threaded through the channels of tom and tim and released into the mitochondrial matrix. Tom and tim act as bridges that connect the cytosom and inner mitochondrial matrix.

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