CHEM 211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Sigma Bond, Thionyl Chloride, Lone Pair
19 Jan 2015
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Lone pair on p orbital interact with oxygen and chloride to make sigma bond: note nitrogen has formal charge of +1. Therefore it only has 4 e: resonance structure (1. 33 bond order for all three oxygen); take turn being double bond. Bfl3: remaining p orbital on boron is empty, chlorine can donate some e- density to boron. 3 sigma bonds: made in industry, not reasonable to include 3d orbital; way too high in energy so not available, can"t actually have 3d orbital donate e- to make sigma bonds. 6 hybrid orbitals; 5 interact with f and 1 is completely filled (gives us the lone pair) So4 2: take 2 e- from 3s ground state to d orbital (pretend, partly filled 3d orbitals interact with oxygen to give double bonds, resonance structure (~1. 5 bond order) 3 sigma and 1 pi: not green.
