ENSC 320 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Overexploitation, Overgrazing, Gadus

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Common property & tragedy of the commons: common property resources owned by the entire populace without restriction as to who can use them and how. Individuals acting independently in their own self-interest can ultimately destroy a shared resour(cid:272)e, e(cid:448)e(cid:374) (cid:449)here it is (cid:272)lear that it is (cid:374)ot i(cid:374) a(cid:374)(cid:455)o(cid:374)e"s lo(cid:374)g ter(cid:373) i(cid:374)terest for this to happen. Tragedy of commons: garret hardi(cid:374)"s (cid:894)1(cid:1013)6(cid:1012)(cid:895) a(cid:374)alog(cid:455): Optimum sustained yield: strategy of achieving maximum harvest from a population over a series of years but (cid:272)o(cid:374)siders additio(cid:374)al (cid:448)aria(cid:271)les i(cid:374) deter(cid:373)i(cid:374)i(cid:374)g (cid:862)opti(cid:373)u(cid:373)(cid:863, eg. Harvest individuals of only a certain size or age. Trouble with optimum sustained yield: stochastic events not well considered, need precise data for successful implementation, rarely available, need to (cid:373)ai(cid:374)tai(cid:374) resilie(cid:374)(cid:272)(cid:455) (cid:449)ithi(cid:374) the s(cid:455)ste(cid:373) (cid:894)a(cid:271)ilit(cid:455) to (cid:862)(cid:271)ou(cid:374)(cid:272)e (cid:271)a(cid:272)k(cid:863) or re(cid:272)o(cid:448)er(cid:895) Overexploitation: unsustainable levels of harvest, rate of take/harvest exceeds the capacity of the species/population to replace itself, examples for too numerous, great auk, passenger pigeon, american bison, atlantic cod (gadus morhua.

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