HLTH 331 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Heme, Stillbirth, Randomized Controlled Trial

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Week 2 nutrition needs during prenatal period/pregnancy. After 5 weeks the placenta takes over allows nutrients to be transported from mother to fetus, and allows waste to be delivered to maternal blood to be removed as waste. Oxygen and nutrients to be transferred over the lining. Placenta functions: act as a barrier prevent transfer of viruses, bacteria, large proteins (cannot metabolize: main transportation mechanisms facilitated diffusion (glucose), active transport (amino acids), endocytosis (encapsulate nutrient and transport into fetus) Placenta is not a perfect barrier does not prevent all substances harmful to fetus from getting to it. During embryonic and fetal growth (cid:272)ells (cid:373)ultiply, are esta(cid:271)lished et(cid:272). First two months are when damage from teratogens is likely to be greatest. Functions of the placenta: secretes hormones for maintaining pregnancy, transfers nutrients from maternal blood to fetal blood, transfers waste (co2) from fetal to maternal blood.

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