PHAR 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Otitis Media, Squalene, Flucytosine
12 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Antibiotic a substance produced by a microorganism that suppresses the growth of other organisms. Gram positive (take up gram stain) and gram negative bacteria (do not). Antibiotics take advantage of the difference between host and organism. But all of these common targets have been discovered so new ones need to be found. Targets for antibiotics: cell wall and cell membrane formation, protein synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis. *narrow spectrum ie. penicillin acts on g+ only. *broad spectrum act on both g+ and g- *bacteriostatic prevent multiplication of organism and defense mechanism of the host remove the organism. Mammalian cells do not have cell walls. Penicillin disrupts the formation of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls. Penicillin resemples d-alanyl d alanine which is involved in cross linking of cell wall so penicillin disrupts that. G+ bacteria: pneumonia, middle ear infections and skin infection, meningitis, syphillus. More resistant to acid in stomach and more bioavailable than pen g.
