PHGY 210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Ejection Fraction, Heart Valve, Paracrine Signalling
25 Apr 2018
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For humans, it is a closed circulatory system with two pumps (left and right sides of the heart) Made up of two circulation systems: pulmonary circulatory system moves blood to and from the lungs, systemic circulatory system moves blood throughout the body. Page 296-301: veins carries blood towards the heart, arteries carries blood away from the heart. Cardiac valves = maintains unidirectional flow of blood. Atrioventricular valves (av valves: between atria and ventricle, open = pressure inside atria > ventricle, connected to papillary muscles of ventricular walls via chordae tendinease. Semilunar valves: between ventricle and arteries, between r. ventricle and pulmonary artery, aortic valve between l. ventricle and aorta. Cardiac muscle fibres - defined sarcomeres: like skeletal muscle, length of muscle cell is short, does not run length of heart like skeletal muscles, formation of intercalated discs, end-to-end cardiac fibre muscle connection.
