POLS 244 Lecture Notes - Illiberal Democracy, Fareed Zakaria, Democratic Consolidation
11 Nov 2013
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Normative= what there should be (democratic ideology= a coherent set of ideas) Empirical= what there is (democracy in practice= global divergence) I-democratic ideology (1) mainstream comparative political theory was democracy and liberal democracy interchangeably. Focus on freedom because of how democracy evolved (only in the west); Africa/middle east etc. things are different (2) liberal democracy is centered on individual freedom + the consent of the governed (= source of legitimacy) Enlightenment rationalism: all human beings are endowed with reason (not with the king/queen/divine, every human being has intrinsic value, reason is infinitely capable of finding out. Ii- the practice of democracy around the world= global divergence. Governmental accountability (what happens between election is the government accountable for what happens?/transparency/checks and balances. Rule of law (you need an open society- media etc to report exploitation etc. ) Apply the principles of liberal democracy for mapped democracy around the world. Universal consent is not required for something to be a universal value.
