PSYC 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Caffeine, Methamphetamine, Ernest Hilgard
4 Jun 2018
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PSYC 100 – Lecture 12
Altered States of Consciousness
Hypnosis
• A procedure of inducing a heightened state of suggestibility
• Theories of hypnosis
o Disassociation theory: explains hypnosis as a unique state in which
consciousness is divided into two parts: an observer and a hidden observer
o Social-cognitive theory: explains hypnosis by emphasizing the degree to
which beliefs and expectations contribute to increased suggestibility
o Meditation: any procedure that involves a shift in consciousness to a state
in which an individual is highly focused, aware, and in control of mental
processes
• Disorders of consciousness
o Brain death: a condition in which the brain, specifically including the brain
stem, no longer functions
o Coma: a state marked by a complete loss of consciousness
o Persistent vegetative state: a state of minimal to no consciousness in which
’ y y , develop sleep-wake
cycles without clear signs of consciousness
o Minimally conscious state (MCS): a disordered state of consciousness
marked by the ability to show some behaviors that suggest at least partial
consciousness, even if on an inconsistent basis
o Locked-in syndrome: a disorder in which the patient is aware and awake
but, because of an inability to move his or her body, appears unconscious
Drugs and Conscious Experience
• Physical and psychological effects of drugs
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