PSYC 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Social Loafing, Social Facilitation, Group Dynamics
18 Jun 2018
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PSYC 100 – Lecture 31
Social Psychology
The Power of the Situation: Social Influences on Behavior
The person and the situation
oUs vs Them ways of thinking
oMimicry – taking on for ourselves the behaviors, emotional displays, and facial
expressions of others
Occurs with subtlety, individuals not even aware they are performing
mimicry
oChameleon effect – people mimic others non-consciously, automatically copying
others’ behaviors even without realizing it – eg. laughing when others laugh
oSocial norms – the (usually unwritten) guidelines for how to behave in social
contexts
Group dynamics: Social Loafing & Social Facilitation
oSocial loafing – occurs when an individual puts less effort into working on a task
with others
Factors that encourage social loafing include:
Low efficacy beliefs – when tasks are difficult and people do not
know where to start
Believing that one’ contributions are not important to the group
Not caring about the group’s outcome
Feeling like others are not trying very hard
oSocial facilitation – occurs when one’s performance is affected by the presence of
others
Eg. a study found that cyclists ride faster when riding against others versus
riding solo and trying to beat a clock
Groupthink
oRefers to this stifling of diversity that occurs when individuals are not able to
express their true perspectives, instead having to focus on agreeing with others
and maintaining harmony within the group
The Asch Experiments: Conformity
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Document Summary
The power of the situation: social influences on behavior. The person and the situation: us vs them ways of thinking, mimicry taking on for ourselves the behaviors, emotional displays, and facial expressions of others. Group dynamics: social loafing & social facilitation: social loafing occurs when an individual puts less effort into working on a task with others. Low efficacy beliefs when tasks are difficult and people do not know where to start. Believing that one" contributions are not important to the group. Feeling like others are not trying very hard: social facilitation occurs when one"s performance is affected by the presence of others. Eg. a study found that cyclists ride faster when riding against others versus riding solo and trying to beat a clock. Groupthink: refers to this stifling of diversity that occurs when individuals are not able to express their true perspectives, instead having to focus on agreeing with others and maintaining harmony within the group.
