PSYC 355 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Spectrogram, Phenotypic Plasticity
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15 Mar 2017
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LECTURE 8 (Week 9): Social Learning
1. Introduction to Social Learning
2. Evolution of Social Learning
3. Selectivity of Social Learning
4. Types of Social Learning
5. Testing for Imitation
1. INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL LEARNING
SOCIAL LEARNING
- Leaig though oseatio of othes atios, o the poduts of othes atios
A. WHITE CROWNED SPARROW SONG LEARNING
- Depiction of sound: Frequency change across time
- Bottom left: the song of a bird who had real exposure to other males
WHY DO RESEARCHERS CARE ABOUT SOCIAL LEARNING?
- Characterizing human and nonhuman learning mechanisms
- Animal Welfare
- Rehabilitation of wild groups
THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOOL USE
A. TOOL MANUFACTURE
- Trial and error (individual learning)?
- Learning from others (social learning)?
- Studies of New Caledonian Crows- Betty the Crow
B. NEW CALEDONIAN CROW TOOLS
- Will do some of the behaviours on their own, but they need some exposure to others to learn all
of the tool-use techniques
C. CHIMPANZEE TOOLS
3. EVOLUTION OF SOCIAL LEARNING
- Learning (both social and individual) allows an organism to change behaviour to fit changing
environments: a form of phenotypic plasticity
VAN BERGEN, COOLAN, & LALAND (2004)
- Learning in sticklebacks
- Picked the best food patch by copying others who are successful
- Whe idiidual atios aet okig the look to hat the goup is doig
- Cost-benefit analysis
WHEN TO ENGAGE IN SOCIAL LEARNING (LALAND, 2004)
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