AFA 717 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Cash Flow, London Agreement On German External Debts

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6 Jun 2018

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• All costs directly associated with the construction are capitalized to the constructed asset and

include:

• incremental material and labour

• overhead costs if directly attributable to the construction or development activity and

allocated on prorata basis:

• E.g. utility costs, maintenance on equipment, and supervision.

• Valuation of the self-constructed asset cannot exceed fair market value

• Overhead costs – costs incurred during construction, if it is directly attributable to the

construction or development activity, then it is included in the cost of self-constructed or self-

developed assets

• Incidental Revenues or Expenses – any profits or losses from incidental operations occurring

before or during construction are not capitalized

• Fair market Value Cap – the actual cost of a self-constructed asset does not necessarily equal

fair market value at the point of acquisition

• When long-lived assets financed with debt at a reduced rate, the asset is recorded at the most

objective amount considering:

• the cash equivalent price, or fair value of the long-lived asset if it were paid for

immediately, or

• the present value of the future cash payments required by the debt agreement

discounted at the prevailing (market) interest rate for that type of debt

• Decommissioning Liabilities

• Costs euied at the ed of asset’s life

• Examples:

• Restore environment to its original condition (mining companies).

• Cover landfill sites.

• Remove billboards.

These costs are recognized when entity has a legal or constructive obligation

• A legal obligation arises due to legal statute or contract

• A constructive obligation exists when there is an expectation by outsiders based on

aageet’s past paties that the opay will iu these osts

• Site restoration costs or decommissioning obligations are not expensed at the end of the

asset’s life, whe the wok is doe. Istead, they ae eogized upfot as a depeiale asset

and a liability

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Related Questions

Can someone please provide the solutions. No explanation needed,just the answers so I can double check my work.

2. Firms with tangiblelong-term assets and less predictable cash flows, such as automanufacturers and steel companies, whose sales vary with changes ineconomic conditions, tend to use

a.	a more nearly equal mix of long-term debt and shareholdersâequity financing.
b.	a greater amount of long-term debt [80%] than shareholdersâequity financing [20%].
c.	a smaller amount of long-term debt [20%] than shareholdersâequity financing [80%].
d.	a greater amount of long-term debt [80%] than assets [20%].
e.	a greater amount of shareholdersâ equity [80%] than assets[20%].

3. During Year 3,Carrington Company made the following expenditures relating toplant machinery and equipment:

Â·	Continuing, frequent, and low cost repairs	$46,000
Â·	Special long-term protection devices were attached to tenmachines	11,000
Â·	A broken gear on a machine was replaced	5,000

How much should be charged to repairs and maintenance in Year3?

a.	$46,000
b.	$51,000
c.	$57,000
d.	$41,000
e.	none of the above

4. Which of the followingis/are not capitalized as an intangible asset?

a.	costs of an internally developed patent
b.	legal costs to defend a patent successfully
c.	goodwill acquired when a company purchases another company
d.	costs to purchase a patent
e.	none of the above

5. Repairs and maintenancedo not include

a.	the costs of restoring an asset's service potential afterbreakdowns.
b.	expenditures that increase the asset's life.
c.	routine costs such as for cleaning and adjusting.
d.	major tune-ups including labor and parts.
e.	All of the above are not considered to be repairs ormaintenance.

12. Sigma Company suffers a loss to itsbuilding in a fire and spends $100,000 on repairs and improvements.It judges that $80,000 of the expenditure replaces long-livedassets lost in the fire, and $20,000 represents improvements to thebuilding. Which of the following is the single journal entry thatSigma Company will make?

a.	Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,000 Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 100,000
b.	Loss from Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,000 Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 100,000
c.	Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,000 Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20,000 Loss from Fire . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 80,000
d.	Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,000 Loss from Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,000 Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 100,000
e.	Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,000 Loss from Fire . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 100,000

16. Firms treat expenditures as assetswhen they:

a.	have acquired rights to the future use of a resource as a resultof a past transaction or event.
b.	can reliably measure the cost of the expected benefits at thetime of initial recognition.
c.	can exercise the entityâs right to, or control of, thebenefit.
d.	can obtain the future service potential and control othersâaccess to it.
e.	all of the above

Clarion Realty

Clarion Realty has decided to construct its own office building.The construction will be partially financed through a constructionloan and any remainder will be financed from internally generatedfunds. The internal accountants have collected the followinginformation concerning the construction.

	Average Balance	Construction	Other
Year	Construction Account	Debt @ 6%	Debt @ 10%
1	$2,000,000	$1,000,000	$500,000
2	$4,000,000	$1,000,000	$250,000
3	$3,000,000	$800,000	$200,000

22. The amount, if any, of capitalizedinterest cost for Year 1 is

a.	$0
b.	$50,000
c.	$60,000
d.	$110,000
e.	$170,000

23. The amount, if any, of capitalizedinterest cost for Year 2 is

a.	$0
b.	$50,000
c.	$60,000
d.	$180,000
e.	$230,000

33. When a firm constructs its ownbuildings or equipment:

a.	it recognizes the labor, material, and overhead costs incurredas an asset.
b.	U.S. GAAP and IFRS require firms to include, or capitalize,interest costs during construction in the cost of aself-constructed asset.
c.	it recognizes the labor, material, and overhead costs incurredas a period expense.
d.	U.S. GAAP and IFRS require firms to expense interest costsincurred during construction of a self-constructed asset.
e.	both choices a and b are correct.

Read the 2015 annual report of Air France â KLM and answer the 20 questions asked regarding the accounting issues. Link is provided below:

http://www.airfranceklm.com/sites/default/files/publications/afkl_registration_doc_2015.pdf

1. Air France-KLM reports âConsolidated statement of recognized income and expensesâ for the year ended December 31, 2015. If this statement was a U.S. GAAP statement, what would be the title of this statement?

a. Consolidated statement of total net income

b. Consolidated statement of other comprehensive income

c. Consolidated statement of comprehensive income

d. Consolidated statement of recognized net income

2. What method does Air France-KLM use for the Statement of Cash Flows?

a. Indirect method

b. Direct method

c. Gross method

d. Net method

3. The basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2015, indicates that Air France-KLM has:

a. no convertible debts.

b. some dilutive securities.

c. no preferred stocks.

d. some treasury stocks.

4. What method is used to account for investments in companies over which Air France-KLM can âexercise significant influence on financial and operating policy decisions?â

a. Cost method

b. Liability method

c. Equity method

d. Fair value method

5. Sale of passenger tickets is accounted for at the time of ticket sale as:

a. Sales revenue

b. Deferred revenue

c. Contingent asset

d. No recognition

6. How does Air France account for business combination costs other than those related to the issuance of debt or equity securities?

a. Expensed as incurred

b. Capitalized as incurred

c. Included in goodwill

d. Used to offset fair value of the acquisition

7. Which of the following is not an âaccumulated other comprehensive incomeâ item among those reported in the âreserves and retained earningsâ in the 2015 consolidated balance sheet of Air France-KLM?

a. Available for sale securities reserves.

b. Derivatives reserves.

c. Legal reserves.

d. Pension defined benefits reserves.

8. What is the carrying amount of investments in debt and equity securities that are classified as available-for-sale?

a. Fair value Cost

b. Amortized cost

c. Lower of cost or market

9. Inventories are carried at:

a. The lower of the first-in-first-out cost or net realizable value.

b. The first-in-first-out cost.

c. The lower of the weighted-average cost or net realizable value.

d. The weighted-average cost.

10. Air France-KLM classifies its frequent flyer programs as:

a. Noncurrent liability

b. Current liability

c. Current asset

d. Other debt

11. The followings are included in Air France-KLMâs intangible assets, except for:

a. Trademarks

b. Leased aircraft

c. Customer relationships

d. Slots for takeoff and landing

12. Air France-KLM reports bank overdrafts as:

a. A contra account to cash and cash equivalents.

b. A current liability.

c. An expense.

d. A bank deposits in transit.

13. Which method does Air France-KLM use to record depreciation expense for its flight equipment?

a. The activity-based method.

b. The sum-of-yearsâ-digit method.

c. The straight-line method.

d. The group method.

14. Which accounting standards does Air France-KLM use?

a. U.S. GAAP

b. French GAAP

c. Netherlands GAAP

d. International Financial Reporting Standards

15. As of December 31, 2015, what assets are held for sale?

a. Land

b. Aircraft

c. Equipment

d. Buildings

16. Which of the following is included in âincome from operating activitiesâ but not in âincome from current operations?

a. Sale of aircraft equipment

b. Research and development costs

c. Bad debt expense

d. Interest revenue

17. Which of the following is not true about accounting treatment for the overhaul cost of major airframe and engine?

a. The cost is treated as separate asset component.

b. The cost is capitalized.

c. The cost is depreciated over the remaining useful life.

d. The cost is expensed as incurred.

18. How are financial assets accounted for if the Air France-KLM intends to sell them in the near future to realize capital gains?

a. At fair value with fair value changes recognized in the current period profit and loss

b. At fair value with fair value changes recognized as other comprehensive income

c. At cost with no recognition of fair value changes

d. At amortized cost with no recognition of fair value changes

19. Which of the following is not true about impairment test?

a. Tangible fixed assets, intangible assets, goodwill, and other assets with indefinite useful life are subject to an impairment test.

b. The impairment test is done at least once a year.

c. Recoverable value is the lower of the net realizable value and value in use.

d. The value in use is determined according to the discounted future cash flow method.

20. Which of the following is not an âother non-current income and expensesâ item?

a. Restructuring costs

b. Gains and losses on disposal of shares available for sale

c. Gains and losses on disposal of subsidiaries and affiliates

d. Gains and losses on sale of trading securities

AFA 717 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Cash Flow, London Agreement On German External Debts

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