BCH 361 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Glycerol Kinase, Fructokinase, Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate
12 Jan 2017
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Starch - long glucose polymers that get digested to glucose monomers -> glycolysis. Trehalose - trimer of glucose digested to glucose monomers -> glycolysis. Fructose phosphorylated to f6p (fructose-6-phosphate) -> glycolysis or modified to. Galactose -> g1p (glycogen) -> g6p -> glycolysis. In muscle: fructose gets phosphorylated at c6 by hexokinase = f6p -> glycolysis. Fructose gets phosphorylated at c1 by fructokinase = f1p. F1p -> open chain -> fructose-1-phosphate aldolase cleaves chain in half = dhap + glyceraldhyde. Glycerlaldehyde reduced by alcohol deh2ase to yield nad+ and glycerol -> glycerol-3p (g3p) by glycerol kinase -> dhap by tim. *when forming dhap and g3p this way, we"re bypassing a major regulatory point of glycolysis that normally takes us to dhap-- that is pfk. Galactose is epimer of glucose at c4 (points up in galactose). Galactose phosphorylated to galactose-1p (g1p) by galactokinase (traps and destablizes). G1p-uridyl transferase transfers phosphopryl group of udp-glucose to galactose-1p -> yields.
