BLG 144 Lecture Notes - Coronary Circulation, Atheroma, Chest Pain

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11 Jan 2013
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Arteries supplying the heart become narrowed and the blood supply to cardiac tissues is reduced. Heart has to work harder to force blood through narrowed vessels / blood pressure increases. Angina: chest pain due to severe shortage of blood to the heart muscle - cells do not die, pain only occurs during activity but not at rest, caused by narrowing of coronary arteries (atherosclerosis) Heart attack (myocardial infarction: when a coronary artery is totally blocked by a thrombus/embolus, no blood supply to heart muscle and cells die - often fatal. Heart failure: blockage leads to damage of heart muscle and to gradual weakening of muscle, less efficient pumping, often accumulation of blood on right side enlargement of heart. Inner layer of artery wall thickens with deposits of: cholesterol, fibrous (scar) tissue, dead muscle cells, blood platelets. Aneurysm: weak walls may burst leading to severe loss of blood (haemorrhaging: brain aneurysm is called a stroke.

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