BMS 451 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Health Care In Canada, Overproduction, Pharmacokinetics
13 Dec 2016
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Ernest duchesne first observed it in 1897, alexander fleming rediscovered penicillin in 1928 characteristics of antibiotics. Selective toxicity- ability of drug to kill or inhibit pathogen while damaging host as little as possible. Therapeutic dose-drug level required for clinical treatment. Toxic dose- drug level at which drug becomes too toxic for patient (i. e. , produces side effects) Therapeutic index- ratio of toxic dose to therapeutic dose. Side effects undesirable effects of drugs on host cells. Bactericidal agent kills, are often inhibitory at lower concentrations: minimal lethal concentration (mlc)- lowest concentration of drug that kills pathogen. Bacteriostatic agent - inhibits growth: minimal inhibitory concentration (mic)- lowest concentration of drug that inhibits growth of pathogen measuring antimicrobial activity. Disk diffusion: disks impregnated with specific drugs are placed on agar plates inoculated with test microbe, drug diffuses from disk into agar, establishing concentration gradient, observe clear zones (no growth) around disks.
