BMS 860 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Immune System, Provirus, Insertional Mutagenesis
26 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
1950s epidemiologic study- found that chimney sweeps often had scrotal cancer and smokers had lung cancer and aspergillus flavus (found in improperly stored corn) caused liver cancer. Wynder and graham conducted tests, found that chemicals found in tobacco are potent carcinogens. Nearly 7000 diff chemicals in cigarettes- 100s are known carcinogens. A discrete unit of heredity of a living organism. Regions in dna that code for proteins. There are ~30,000 genes in the genome: ge(cid:374)o(cid:373)e is a(cid:374) orga(cid:374)is(cid:373)"s (cid:272)o(cid:373)plete set of dna, human genome contains ~3 billion base pairs, human genome is packed in the 23 pairs of chromosomes within the cell nucleus. 2 copies of each gene = diploid genome. Somatic - occurs in non reproductive cells. Germline occurs in gametes (passed on progeny) Base substitutions - change of one single nucleotide to another. Insertions and deletions central dogma of molecular biology: The coded genetic information in dna is transcribed into rna.
