BLG 144 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Dikaryon, Zygospore, Basidium

91 views3 pages

greendolphin637

5 May 2015

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Heterotrops use hydrolytic enzymes (exoenzyme) to digest food. Fungal body structure: most multicellular, cell walls contain chitin, body forms hyphae (network of tiny filaments) Dikaryotic = each cell with 2 haploid nuclei one from each parent) Fungal growth not into thickness but into length! Fungi divided into cells by cross walls = septa. Coencytic fungi = continuous cytoplasmic mass containing many nuclei. Specialized hyphae for penetration into host tissue = parasitic and mutualistic. Mycorrhizal fungi deliver phosphate for atp to plants. Ectomycorrhizal (emf) form hyphae sheaths over root surface. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (amf) extend hyphae through root cell wall. Dikaryote dominated life cycle: via spore production. Sexual reproduction: fungi undergo plasmogamy (fusion of cytoplasm) and karyogamy (fusion of nuclei) Haploid spores disperse and germinate to start new mycelia. Asexual reproduction: haploid spores produced via mitosis, disperse and germinate to form new mycelia. Fungi with sexual reproduction form 1-4 structures: swimming gametes or spores. Form zygosporangium to produce spores: basidia.

Related Questions

1. Which of the following is NOT true of mycorrhizae?

A) This groupâs name means âfungus rootsâ

B) Plant roots provide mutualistic mycorrhizae with organic nutrients

C) Mycorrhizal fungi may form a mutualistic symbiosis with plants

D) Mycorrhizal fungi provide plants with organic nutrients absorbed from the soil

2. Which of the following terms is INCORRECTLY defined or identified?

A) saprobic fungi-eukaryotic heterotrophs which absorb their nutrients from living organisms

B) plasmogamy-the union of the cytoplasms of two parent mycelia

C) dikaryon-the stage in fungal sexual reproduction in which hyphae contain pairs of haploid nuclei of opposing mating types

D) zygosporangia-the environmentally resistant dikaryotic stage of the Zygomycota

3. In the Kingdom Fungi,

A) a mycelium is a body formed of a network of hyphae

B) a haploid multicellular form alternates with a diploid multicellular form

C) coenocytic hyphae have multiple cross-walls with large pores

D) cell walls are reinforced with proteins similar to collagen

4. Which of the following groups is INCORRECTLY matched with a structure for asexual reproduction?

A) Zygomycota-sporangium(sporangia)

B) Yeast-budding off of new yeast cells

C) Basidiomycota-basidium(basidia)

5. Select the TRUE statement about animal development:

A) Deuterostome development is indeterminate

B) Mesoderm in protostomes arises as outpocketings of the primitive gut

C) In deuterostomes, the blastopore ultimately becomes the mouth of the adult

D) Radial cleavage is characteristic of protostome development

E) All of the above are true

azurecricket62

1.A mycologist visits your biology class and discusses herresearch on a particular fungus that lives on the bark of damagedspruce trees. She explains that the fungal hyphae of her researchorganism is heterokaryotic. You raise your hand and request thatshe define that word. Her correct response is

heterokaryotic means that thenuclei of the fungal hyphae are genetically the same.

heterokaryotic means that eachcompartment of the hyphae contain two distinct nuclei.

heterokaryotic means that thenuclei of each compartment of the hyphae are geneticallydistinct.

heterokaryotic means that each compartment of the hyphaecontains only one nucleus.

2. Select the true statements concerning reproduction ofbasidiomycetes. (Check all that apply.)

The adult forms of a typicalbasidiomycete consists of a mass of dikaryotic primarymycelia.

The secondary mycelia fuse to formprimary mycelia. The primary mycelia form the fruiting body.

The gills of an Amanitamushroom contains basidiospores.

Karyogamy produces a diploid zygotethat undergoes meiosis.

Meiosis produces basidiospores, and the fusion of spores fromdifferent mating strains produces the primary mycelium.

3. In the life cycle of a zygomycete, after the zygospore isformed, the next event will be

dikaryon formation.