BLG 181 Lecture 3: L3
Document Summary
Chapter 12: prospecting for biological gold biodiversity & classification. Classifying the diversity of life on earth. Number of species known to science (described/ named) is 1. 4 million. Organisms were first classified more than 2k years ago, by aristotle. Branch of biology that deals with classifying and naming organisms. Carolus linnaeus (1707-1778: the father of taxonomy, hierarchical system of classification: large groups share general classification, and small groups share many characteristics, binomial nomenclature. Kingdoms -> phyla -> classes -> orders -> families -> genera -> species. Three domain system: bacteria prokaryotes, archaea prokaryotes, eukarya eukaryote. Creates a specific, worldwide biological classification system. Different types of a single species vary in regions so a latin name creates commonality. In linnean classification: species are given binomial (two-part) names. Binomial nomenclature: two-name system, specifying the genus and species, genus name is capitalized but species name is not, both names are italicized or underlined, ursus arctos linneaeus.