BLG 601 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Tunica Intima, Tunica Externa, Sphygmomanometer

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21. 1 functions of the circulatory system: carry blood, exchange nutrients, waste products, and gases, transport of hormones, components of the immune system, molecules required for coagulation, enzymes, nutrients, gases, waste products, etc, regulate blood pressure, directs blood flow. Veins thinner walls than arteries, contain less elastic tissue and fewer smoot muscle cells: venules. Lipid-soluble and small water-soluble molecules through plasma membrane. Larger water-soluble molecules pass through fenestrae or gaps between endothelial cells. Less permeable to large molecules than other capillary types. Tunica media: smooth muscle cells arranged circularly around the blood vessel: vasoconstriction smooth muscles contract, decrease in blood flow, vasodilation smooth muscles relax, increase in blood flow. Largest diameters, pressure high and fluctuates between systolic and diastolic: more elastic tissue than muscle. Smooth muscle allows vessels to regulate blood supply by constricting or dilating: most of the smaller unnamed arteries.

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