CHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 41: Triple Point, Sodium Chloride, Intermolecular Force

29 views3 pages

beigefly695

2 Jan 2018

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Line segments (ac, ad, ab) represent certain t & p at which the substance is in equilibrium between two states. Triple point (a) represents the unique t and p at which solid, liquid, and gaseous states are in equilibrium. Critical point (b) represents the t & p above which a supercritical fluid exists. Above this temperature, liquid state will not form. Pressure required to liquefy gas at critical temperature. A(cid:271)ove (cid:272)riti(cid:272)al t & p, fluid is (cid:862)super(cid:272)riti(cid:272)al(cid:863) E. g. quartz solids have facets, cleave along well defined planes. Amorphous: short-range order solids melt over range of temperatures. E. g. ar(s), h2o(s), c6h12o6(s) low bp & mp. Electrical insulators soluble in solvents of similar polarity. Melting point depends on strength of intermolecular forces. E. g. nacl (s), cscl (s), zns (s), caf2 (s) Bp & mp depend on surface charge density of ions. Mp of mgo = 2852 c; mp of nacl = 801 c. Bonding: metal ions in a (cid:862)sea(cid:863) of valen(cid:272)e ele(cid:272)trons.

Related Questions

Which of the following is false regarding phase diagrams ?

the critical point is the point above which liquids and gases lose their phase distinction

a phase diagram is a plot of temperature vs density

the triple point represents the conditions where solid/liquid/gas phases exist in equilibrium

solids exist at relatively high pressures and/or low temperatures

for most substances, the solid-liquid phase transition line has a positive slope

WORD BANK:

Atomic solids

Body-centered cubic

Boiling point

Condensation

Covalent atomic solids

Crystal lattice

Crystalline solids

Distillate

Distillation

Dynamic equilibrium

Evaporation

Face-centered cubic

Freezing

Freezing point

Ionic solids

Intramolecular

Interionic forces

Intermolecular forces

Liquid State

Macromolecule

Melting

Melting point

Metallic atomic solids

Molar heat of fusion

Molar heat of vaporization

Molecular solids

Non-bonding atomic solids

Non-crystalline (amorphous) solids

Properties of Liquids

Properties of Solids

Simple cubic

Solid State

Sublimation

Surface tension

Surfactants

Vapor pressure

Vaporization

Viscosity

Wetting action

Use the Vocabulary words above to complete the following sentences words can be used more than once, some words are not be used.

d. The molecules of a ________ are in constant motion. e. The __________ of a liquid is related to the shape of the molecules that make up the liquid. f. The force of attraction that causes the surface of a liquid to contract and form a âbeadâ or spherical drop is called? _________ _______ g. Chemical that reduce surface tension are called? __________ h. A liquids ability to spread out evenly over a surface as a thin film is called itâs? _________ _______ i. ____________ is the process by which molecules of a liquid break away and go into the gas phase. j. When the molecules of a volatile liquid jump to gas phase it is called _________. k. The reverse of evaporation (the conversion of a vapor to a liquid) is called? _________ l. When the rate at which the water is evaporating is equal to the rate at which the water vapor is condensing, you have established a __________ _________. m. ________ _______ is the partial pressure of a gas in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid. n. ________ _______ is when the vapor pressure equals the atmospheric pressure. o. Boiling point can be used to purify a solution of two or more substances by ________. p. The condensed vapor sample is called the? ________ q. The exact quantity of heat required to vaporize 1 mole of a liquid at constant pressure and temperature is called the ________ ________ ___ __________. r. In ________________ __________ the particles do not have a definite or regular order (there is no repeating pattern throughout the solid). s. In ____________ __________, the particles are arranged in regular, systematic patterns called a ________ _________. t. The three different types of crystal lattices based on the cube are? ________ ______, _____________ ______, and ___________, ________. u. The three types of atomic solids include _________ _____, ___________ ______, and __________ ________.

CHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 41: Triple Point, Sodium Chloride, Intermolecular Force

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

CHEM 142 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Phase Diagram, Gasin Faith

CHEM 12 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Sodium Chloride, Dynamic Equilibrium, Ocean Acidification

CHM 113 Lecture Notes - Solvation, By2, Vaporization

Related Questions