ECN 104 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: High Cross, Ski Lift, Economic Equilibrium

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17 Feb 2018

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Exy= percentage change in quantity demanded of product x. Percentage change in the price of product y. The government should block the merger because it would lessen competition. Income elasticity helps to explain the expansion and contraction of industries as the economy grows with rising income. Expansion of industries producing output that have a high income elasticity (e > 1) Contraction or slower growth for industries producing output has a low income elasticity (e < 1) Elasticity and tax incidence: unit elasticity of demand. The incidence of a sales tax depends on the relative elasticities of demand and supply. Other things equal the greater elasticities of supply and demand the greater the change in quantity. The magnitude of the change in the equilibrium price and quantity following a shift in demand and/or supply on the time allowed for the adjustment. Difference in price elasticites are often exploited by suppliers. Major example major airlines charge business versus leisure travellers.

Related Questions

1. When demand is inelastic, a decrease in price will cause

a. an increase in total revenue.

b. a decrease in total revenue.

c. no change in total revenue but an increase in quantity demanded.

d.no change in total revenue but a decrease in quantity demanded.

2. For which of the following types of goods would the income elasticity of demand be positive and relatively large?

a. all inferior goods

b. all normal goods

c. goods for which there are many complements

d. luxuries

3. Which of the following should be held constant when calculating the income elasticity of demand?

a. the quantity of the good demanded

b. the price of the good

c. income

d. All of the above should be held constant.

4. Suppose goods A and B are substitutes for each other. We would expect the cross-price elasticity between these two goods to be

a. positive.

b. negative.

c. either positive or negative. It depends on whether A and B are normal goods or inferior goods.

d. either positive or negative. It depends on whether the current price level is on the elastic or inelastic portion of the demand curve.

5. As the price elasticity of supply increases, the supply curve

a. becomes flatter

b. becomes steeper

c. becomes downward sloping.

d. shifts to the right.

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Discussion #1

The law of demand states that a fall in the price of a good raises the quantity demanded, and the increase in price leads to a decrease in quantity demanded. The price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to a change in price. Demand for a good is said to be elastic if the quantity demanded responds substantially to changes in the price, and the percentage change in quantity demanded is greater than the percentage change in price. Demand is said to be inelastic if the quantity demanded responds only slightly to changes in the price, which indicates that the percentage in price is greater than the percentage in quantity demanded.

However, the extent of responsiveness of quantity demanded to a change in price depends on the nature of a particular good or service in the market. The price elasticity of demand partly depends on the availability of close substitutes. When a large number of substitutes are available, consumers respond to a higher price of a good by buying more of the substitute goods and less of the relatively more expensive good. In addition, goods or services that are considered necessities tend to have less elastic (more inelastic) demand, whereas goods or services that are considered luxuries have more elastic (less inelastic) demands.

Explain why the demand for the good or service provided by the organization you work for is elastic or inelastic. How does this influence pricing decisions?
Provide examples on how the availability of close substitutes affects price elasticity of demand.
Give specific examples of necessities or luxuries, and explain how they affect price elasticity of goods or services.

Please answer ALL bulletins and place the answers under the correct bulletin.

Ch. 6: Simple Pricing

a. define the Law of Demand?

b. Explain the distinction between a change in demand and a change in quantity demanded?

c. create a demand curve from a simple demand schedule in Table 6.2?

d. determine the calculated values in a table such as Table 6.4?

e. Can you apply your understanding of Chapter 4s marginal analysis to pricing decisions in a price-making (versus price-taking) firm?

f. Can you explain in words what Own Price Elasticity, Cross-Price Elasticity, and Income Elasticity mean?

g. Given specific values for Own-Price Elasticity of Demand, can you determine whether demand for the good is elastic, inelastic, or unit elastic?

h. Given specific values for Cross-Price Elasticity, can you determine whether the two goods are substitutes or complements?

i. Given specific values for Income Elasticity, can you determine whether the good is a normal or inferior good?

j. Can you calculate each of these elasticities, such as in the homework?

k. Identify relatively elastic and inelastic demand curves?

l. List factors that may affect demand elasticity.

m. Indicate whether total revenue will increase or decrease as a result of a price change, depending on the demand elasticity?

The textbook used for this assignment is Managerial Economics, Froeb Chapters.

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ECN 104 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: High Cross, Ski Lift, Economic Equilibrium

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