ENH 222 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Sickle-Cell Disease, Aureus, Mutagen
22 Apr 2018
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By the end of this lecture students will be able to: 6. understand the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and the effects of antibiotics used in combination. Genetics: study of genes, how they carry info, how info is expressed, and how genes are replicated. Chromosome: structures containing dna that physically carry hereditary info; the chromosomes contain genes. Genes: segments of dna that encode functional products, usually proteins. Genome: all the genetic info in a cell. Genetic code: a set of rules that determine how a nucleotide sequence is converted to an amino acid sequence of a protein. Forms double helix: (cid:862)(cid:271)a(cid:272)k(cid:271)one consists of deoxyribose-phosphate, two strands of nucleotides are held together by h-bonds b/w a-t & c-g. Order of the n-containing bases forms the genetic instructions. One strand serves as a template for the production of a second strand. Topoisomerase and gyrase relax the strands (unwinds?) Transcription: info in dna is copied (transcribed) into a complementary rna base-pair sequence.
