ENH 322 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Candida Albicans, Genitourinary System, Gut Flora

• School: Ryerson University
• Department: Environmental Health
• Course: ENH 322
• Professor: Corinne Ong

Document Summary

Colonization of neonates: uterus: normally sterile, during and after birth: newborns are colonized by microorganisms from their mothers fetus: remains sterile till just before birth and the env. Innate immunity (non-specific) how the host protects itself: skin. !d50: infectious does for 50% of the sample pop. White blood cells- leukocytes: granulocytes, neutrophils: phagocytic, basophils: produce histamine, eosinophils: toxic to parasites and some phagocytosis, monocytes: phagocytic as mature macrophages, fixed macrophages in lungs and liver, wandering macrophages roam tissues. Internalizes pathogen to form vacuole- phagosome: fuses w lysosome- phagolysosome, pathogen digested using, superoxide anion o2, hydrogen peroxide, free radicals, lysosome, digestive enzymes, low ph. Fever: abnormally high body temp, macrophages release pyrogenic cytokines (interleukin- 1 and tumor necrosis factor) Impedes nutrition of bacteria by reducing available iron. Increases metoblism: faster tissue repair, stimulates immune reactions and physiological processes, not always beneficial. Increases heart rate: dehydration and seizures in young children, death if >(cid:1008)(cid:1008)"c.