FNN 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Guar Gum, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Blood Sugar
Document Summary
1 of 3 macronutrients important energy source, especially for nerve cells composed of the atoms carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. Good sources include fruits, vegetables, and grains. Found in plants as a component of disaccharides and complex carbohydrates. Principal form of carbohydrate found in blood. Contain 1 or 2 molecules: monosaccharides contain only 1 molecule, glucose, fructose, galactose, and ribose, disaccharides contain 2 molecules, lactose, maltose, sucrose. Glycogen: animals store glucose as glycogen, stored in our bodies in the liver and muscles, not found in food and therefore not a source of dietary carbohydrate. Help preserve (cid:894)(cid:862)spare(cid:863)(cid:895) protein for other uses. Sources high in fibre reduce risk for obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. Red blood cells rely only on glucose for their energy supply. Both carbs and fats supply energy for daily activities. Glucose is especially important for energy during exercise. During intense exercise, carbs will supply 2/3 or more of the total energy needed.