GEO 607 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Complex Network, Baby Boomers
Document Summary
A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions under a central (federal) government. Three levels of government in canada: federal, provincial, local (municipal, cities) The relationship between federal and provincial governments are defined by the constitution and arbitrated by supreme court- they both have independent power (disagreements settled by supreme court) Local governments are entirely controlled by provincial governments: there are obligations, but they have no inherent rights. Increasingly controlling management of financial affairs, taxes, social benefits, etc. Deliver local and regional services: health care, education, infrastructure investment, regulation of municipalities. Federal government transfers money between provincial government, and provincial with local. Increase in spending by provincial government rather than federal because of healthcare. Why do we believe this occurred: baby boomers education, development of suburbs.
