NPF 562 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Jürgen Habermas, Edward Bernays, Public Sphere
14 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Humanity needs to overcome irrationality and individualism. Studied at frankfurt school known for critical theory. Early european countries: bourgeois had the money, time and education to create a public sphere. Private individuals gather in a public space. Not happy with what state is doing so going to gather and talk about it. Private individuals gathering in public space and talking about things of general interest. Requires 3 things to work: general accessibility, elimination of all privileges, discovery of general norms and rational legitimations. Formed in public sphere when they are rational. Media operate under commercial and political interests. Video about u of t prof not using proper pronouns > turned violent, not a lot of rationality. Created an intense debate > can have a critical debate, but then this person is totally disregarding/at the expense of a group of marginalized people > that"s not a debate, that"s just transphobic/hateful. But there are people left out of the public sphere.
