MHR 405 Lecture Notes - Force-Field Analysis, Judith Chapman, Organizational Culture
12 Nov 2012
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Document Summary
Challenges leading to change are globalization, hyper-competition and demanding customers, the increasing diversity of the workforce, continuing technological innovation, and demands for higher levels of moral and ethical behaviour. Planned organizational change is the process by which organizations move from their present state to some desired future state to increase their effectiveness. Research: organizational (individuals) survival and effectiveness require that organizations (people) change well before a crisis hits them. Expecting the unforeseen means that leaders view their organizations as open systems and continually scan and monitor their internal and external environments for potential challenges and opportunities. First order, incremental (development) change: involves adjustments in systems, processes, or structures with the purpose of maintaining or developing the organization. Status quo is never an option, you"re either moving forward or you"re being left behind . Second order, discontinuous(transformational) change: change in which the organization moves to a radically different and sometimes unknown, future state.
