NSE 22A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Renal Function, Clinical Urine Tests, Blood Transfusion
10 Sep 2019
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Indications: routine urinalysis: sterile specimen collection. Indications: culture and sensitivity: timed specimen collection. Indications: measuring hormones, protein and creatinine clearance: clean-voided/midstream specimen collection. Use surgical asepsis to cleanse perineum with cotton balls soaked in antiseptic solution, rinse with sterile water and dry with gauze. Female patient: spread labia with non-dominant hand and wipe 3 times (major to minor labia least to most contaminated) from front to back using new cotton balls. Male patient: wipe from centre to outside using circular motions. Collect 30-60 ml of specimen after stream has been initiated and before stream ends. First 10 ml contains microorganisms that accumulate at urethral meatus. Test for routine urinalysis and microscopy (r&m) Requires first voided specimen in morning to ensure uniform concentration. Presence indicates renal disease in which glomeruli or tubules allow proteins to enter urine. Presence indicates trauma or disease of lower urinary tract. High value indicates concentrated urine d/t dehydration. Low value indicates diluted urine d/t over hydration.
