PHL 214 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Logical Reasoning, Varangian Runestones, Gout
Document Summary
Positively relevant- the first statement provides some reason to accept the second one. Eg: smith has appendicitis, gout, and cancer of the bladder, smith is not healthy enough to run the 26-mile boston marathon. Negatively relevant - if the truth of a counts against the truth of b. This means that if a is true, it provides some evidence or reason to think that b is not true. Eg: jogging often results in knee injuries, jogging improves a person"s general health. Irrelevance- one statement neither positively relevant nor negatively relevant to another. Eg: natural catastrophes such as earthquakes are beyond human control, human beings have no freedom of choice concerning their actions. Any case in which the r condition of argument adequacy is not satisfied will be a case in which g is not satisfied either. If you can show that someone else"s argument is based on irrelevant premises, you have given a strong objection to it.
