PSY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Representativeness Heuristic, Confirmation Bias, Functional Fixedness
13 Dec 2019
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Document Summary
Problem - an obstacle between where you are and where you want to be. Well-defined problem - clear starting point and a fully specified goal. Ill-defined problem - starting point and goal cannot be fully specified. How you represent the problem in your mind. Warmth - feeling close to a solution; steadily increases with non-insight problems. Functional fixedness - tendency to only think of the usual function of objects. Mental set - becoming stuck in a specific problem-solving strategy. People often rely on heuristics to help them find solutions quicker and easier. Heuristic - mental shortcut; quick and easy, but do not guarantee a correct solution. Algorithm - a procedure that will always yield the solution to a problem if it is followed exactly. Means-ends analysis - heuristic of forming subgoals. Working backwards - starting at the goal and moving backwards towards the starting point. Choosing from among a set of alternatives.
