Nursing NUR304 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Isosorbide Mononitrate, Coronary Circulation, Calcium Channel
Document Summary
Present in the forms of capsules chewable, sublingual, tablets. Dosage forms: caps 20-40 mg, tabs 20-40 mg. Tabs for only prophylaxis of anginal pain. Chewable, sublingual to terminate acute attack and relieve acute pain. Sublingual: acute attack 2. 5-5 mg q 2-3 hrs. Extended release tabs: 20 80 mg q 8-12 hrs. Note: isosorbide mononitrate given for patients with liver impairments. Action: for contraction of cardiac and smooth muscle to occur, extracellular calcium must move into the cell through openings called calcium channels. Dosage: 30 mg qid before meals and at bedtime. Class: calcium channel blocking agent (anti-angina, antihypertensive). Side effects: pulmonary and peripheral edema, mi, hypotension, dizziness, light- headedness, palpitation, headache, muscle cramps. In hypertensive emergencies: 10-20 mg given orally or sublingually by puncturing the capsule and squeezing contents under the tongue. Dose: initially, 2. 5 to 5 mg p. o. daily. Dosage adjusted according to patient response and tolerance. Monitor blood pressure frequently during initiation of therapy.
