Police Foundations SOC225 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Grade Retention, Brain Damage, Methylphenidate

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Suggest criminality is due to abnormal human traits. Can be subdivided into 2 categories: biological makeup, psychological function. The two often overlap but are also quite distinct from one another. Stresses that biological, genetic conditions affect how social behaviours are learned, perceived and how they relate. Revived interest in finding a biological and/or psychological basis for crime. Modern trait theorists consider each offender to be physically and psychologically unique: a single trait will not explain all criminality. Theory focuses on basic human behaviour and drives. Interactions that result in crime involve both personal traits and environmental factors. Some traits develop at birth (or soon after) and affect life, behaviour choices. Environmental stimuli can either support or suppress antisocial acts. Something must set chronic offenders apart: biochemical conditions can be genetically predetermined or acquired through diet and environment. Trait theorists believe that they impact antisocial behaviour. Twinkie defence case: minimum levels of minerals, chemicals needed for normal brain function, growth.

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