BPK 205 Lecture 31: Gastrointestinal I

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Main role is to transfer nutrients and water from food into the body. A 4. 5 meter continuous tube from mouth to anus: lumen is part of the external environment. Accessory glands and organs are functionally associated with gi tract, but material does not pass through them: salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas. Main organs of the gi tract: oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum. Sphincters of the gi tract: serve as one-way valves, tonically constricted to separate adjacent organs, ex. Lower esophageal and pyloric sphincters separate stomach from esophagus and small intestine: lower esophageal sphincter -> prevents acid from reaching esophagus. Layers and functions of the gi tract wall. The wall of the gi tract through the stomach and intestines has 4 tissue layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa, plica and villi increase surface area for digestion and absorption, villi = folds of the mucosa. 1) mucosa = innermost layer: mucosal layer is comprised of, epithelium.

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