BPK 306 Lecture Notes - Alveolar Pressure, Blood Gas Tension, Hypercapnia

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If expired pco2 is low due to anatomical dead space, and physiological dead space, then vd/vt ratio increases: vd/vt: 0. 25 to 0. 35 in young adults increases w/ age n abnormalities. 1: higher ratio, greater ventilatory work for given o2 uptake, physiological dead space is major reason for co2 retention, high vd can cause relative alveolar hypoventilation and hypoemia. If we know paco2 we can find pao2 i: paco2 is estimated from blood gas measurement of paco2, with concurrent blood gas measurement of pao2, alveolar blood. Po2 diff can be found: this will tell us if there"s any significant ventilation:perfusion inequalities. Remember that at end of expiration and inspiration, alveolar pressure is atmospheric: understand that varate is rate of entry for o2 and rate of removal for co2, apply it to altitude, pao2 = pio2 (paco2/r) + f. = 43 (40/0. 8) + 2 = 5 mm hg!: now hyperventilation:

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