CRIM 103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Dopamine Hypothesis Of Schizophrenia, Addiction, Ketamine
27 Nov 2020
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Long term physical changes - paws (persistent withdrawal syndrome) Tolerance - progressively decreased responsiveness to the drug. Dependence (physical)- psychological distress and physical pain during withdrawal. Dependence (psychological)- primary- overwhelming desire to use the drug (positive reinforcement) - secondary - expectancy of potential withdrawal (negative reinforcement) drug addiction as a disease (2) Not all drugs alter dopamine system (including cannabis, ketamine, opiates and possibly cigarettes and alcohol) Why addictions are linked to adha, cd and aspd drug addictions and genetics. Heritability estimates for sedatives, stimulants, cocaine, and opiate use 60 = 80% Behavioural, temperamental, and personality traits (anger, anxiety, low self control/regulation) increase addictions in interaction with environment risk factors drug addiction and learning. Addicts are indulgent, weak, with no will power. Environmental factors play strong role in this model drug addiction and self-medication. Drug use is linked to attempts to manage stress and its negative outcomes associated with trauma/abuse.
