CRIM 131 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Auburn System, Extortion, Kingston Penitentiary

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Pre-confederation: public sanctions (public stoning, public burning, no proper function in place, f(cid:396)e(cid:395)ue(cid:374)t use of death pe(cid:374)alty ((cid:449)he(cid:374) you do(cid:374)"t k(cid:374)o(cid:449) ho(cid:449) to deal with people, you just kill them- looked as unfixable) Reform movement: shift from torture and capital punishment toward reform, sinners should penance, penitentiaries (place you would go, to do your time) First prisons in north america: early 1800s. Cells isolated: 1 level, in cell at all times, no inmate interaction, silent reflection (everything in your cell) Goal: turn criminals into hard-working, law abiding individuals (people went crazy) Built in tiers (building one on top of another on top of another) Based on us model: auburn system, separation by gender and offence type. Complaints: began in 1840s, continue to this day (complete regulation, extortion) Prisons: 75% correctional spending, 5% sentenced offenders incarcerated. 100% of provincial offenders and 95% if federal offenders will be released: returned into the community.

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