CRIM 131 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Royal Newfoundland Constabulary, Sûreté Du Québec, Ontario Provincial Police

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Reported incidents: cleared by charge, cleared otherwise, unfounded- no violation of the law has taken place, no evidence. Officer discretion: consistency of crime recording. Not everyone who is arrested is guilty. Social construction of crime statistics: discretion, validity, reliability. Policing: costs rising, number of officers 9% more than 10 years ago, 4 in 10 cases solved. Violent offences: of all court cases. Approximately 117 days from arrest = court. 6 in 10 cases result in conviction. Probation: 34% adult cases, 50% youth cases. Majority on probation: per day vs. &171 per day (provincially, incarceration rate 117 per 100,000. Conditional release (parole: generally completed without incident. First police constables: quebec city, upper canada. 1867 (confederation: inspecting chimneys, provincial police forces. Current day provincial policing: rural areas and areas between cities, enforce provincial laws and criminal code. Aprox 70,000 officers in canada: 199 per 100,000 cdns, number steadily increasing. Largest component of cjs: 60% of cjs funding.

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