ECON 105 Lecture : Chapter 10 Short-run Macro Model

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20 Oct 2011

School

Simon Fraser University

Department

Economics

Course

ECON 105

Professor

David Cox

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In the short-run, spending depends on income, and income depends on spending. Determinants of c: disposable income (yd) (*main determinant) ii. Interest rates interest rates fall => disincentive to save => increased consumption spending: wealth. Wealth = total value of assets owned total value of liabilities owed. Expectations about the future (anticipation that you will be laid off in a couple weeks => decreased consumption spending) Ii. a autonomous consumption slope: delta c / delta yd = b = mpc. Iactual = iplanned + unplanned changes in inventories: government purchases (g, net exports (nx) Assumption: we will take ip, g, and nx as given values, determined by forces outside of the market. (planned) aggregate expenditure (a. e. ) Ae = c + ip + g + nx. Ae = (a b*t) + b*y + ip + g + nx bold = given. Ae = [(a b*t) + ip + g + nx] + b*y.

Related Questions

1. Assume an economy with a Household Sector and a Business Sector. Household spending is given by C= 400 + 0.9Qd. Since there is no public sector, Qd = Q. Business sector spending is given as I = 1300. Determine the level of Autonomous Spending, the Spending Multiplier, GDP (Q), Consumption Spending (C) and Household Savings.

2. Now add a Foreign Sector where Exports are X = 1000 and Imports are Im = 500 + 0.1Q. Determine the level of Autonomous Spending, the Spending Multiplier, GDP (Q), Imports, Net Exports, Consumption Spending (C) and Household Savings.

3. Now add a public sector where Government Purchases are G = 2000, Transfer Payments are Tr = 2500 and Taxes are Tx = 500 + (1/3)Q. With the public sector Disposable Income is Qd = Q - Tx + Tr. Determine the level of Autonomous Spending, the Spending Multiplier, GDP (Q), Imports, Net Exports, Taxes, Disposable Income, Consumption Spending (C), Household Savings and the Deficit.

Please explain what each equation represents in the answer.

sangriamammoth898

A $100 million increase in investment spending will cause read GDP to

Select one:

a. decrease by less than $100 million

b. increase by more than $100 million

c. increase by less than $100 million

d. decrease by $100 million

e. increase by $100 million

the marginal propensity to consume is 0.5, then a $100 million increase in investment spending will lead to an increase of real GDP by

Select one:

a. $100 million

b. $50 million

c. $150 million

d. $200 million

e. $300 million

When income is $1,000, the level of consumption spending is equal to $850. When income rises to $1,200 the level of consumption spending is equal to $1,000. In this case the value of the marginal propensity to consume is

Select one:

a. 0.80

b. 0.50

c. 0.75

d. 0.85

e. 0.83

The marginal propensity to consume measures the

Select one:

a. increase in consumer spending when investment spending rises by $1

b. increase in disposable income when consumer spending rises by $1

c. increase in consumer spending when disposable income rises by $1

d. increase in disposable income when investment spending rises by $1

e. increase in consumer spending when taxes rise by $1

Question 1

Which of the following describes the relationship between the change in inventories and aggregate expenditure?

A.	Aggregate expenditure equals the change in inventories minus GDP.
B.	The change in inventories equals GDP divided by aggregate expenditures.
C.	Aggregate expenditures equals GDP divided by the change in inventories.
D.	Aggregate expenditures equals GDP minus the change in inventories.
E.	The change in inventories equals GDP multiplied by aggregate expenditure.

1 points

Question 2

Suppose the marginal propensity to consume is 0.80 and taxes decrease by $10 billion. Which of the following is true?

A.	Disposable income and consumption fall by $10 billion
B.	Disposable income and consumption rise by $10 billion
C.	Disposable income rises by $10 billion and consumption rises by $8 billion
D.	Disposable income falls by $10 billion and consumption falls by $8 billion
E.	Disposable income rises by $10 billion and consumption falls by $8 billion

1 points

Question 3

If aggregate expenditure at a particular level of income is less than output,

A.	output will increase
B.	output will decrease
C.	output will remain the same
D.	output will rise slightly and then level off
E.	we cannot determine what will happen to output

1 points

Question 4

The consumption function

A.	illustrates the relationship between real disposable income and real consumption spending
B.	illustrates the relationship between the price level and real consumption spending
C.	is the relationship between productivity and real consumption spending
D.	shows how real consumption increases when real disposable income decreases
E.	illustrates the relationship between real consumption spending and employment

1 points

Question 5

The focus of the short-run macro model is on the role of

A.	spending in explaining economic fluctuations
B.	labor in explaining economic fluctuations
C.	financial markets in explaining economic fluctuations
D.	output in explaining economic fluctuations
E.	resources in explaining economic fluctuations.

1 points

Question 6

If the output level is such that the aggregate expenditure line lies below the 45-degree line, which of the following is true?

A.	Aggregate expenditure is greater than output, so inventories will increase and output will be raised.
B.	Aggregate expenditure is greater than output, so inventories will decrease and output will be increased.
C.	Aggregate expenditure is less than output, so inventories will decrease and output will be raised.
D.	Aggregate expenditure is less than output, so inventories will increase and output will be lowered.
E.	Aggregate expenditure is greater than output, so inventories will increase and output will be lowered.

1 points

Question 7

If the marginal propensity to consume is 0.7, the expenditure multiplier is

A.	7.0
B.	0.7
C.	3.0
D.	3.3
E.	not determinable without additional information.

1 points

Question 8

Aggregate expenditure is the sum of

A.	all types of spending by households and firms
B.	spending and savings by households
C.	spending by households and governments on final goods and services
D.	spending by households, government, firms, and foreigners on final goods and services
E.	all spending and saving by households, firms, and governments

1 points

Question 9

If the marginal propensity to consume is 0.5 and disposable income increases by $10,000, by how much will consumption spending increase?

A.	$10,000
B.	$500
C.	$50
D.	$5,000
E.	$9,524

1 points

Question 10

When real consumption expenditure is plotted against real disposable income the resulting relationship is

A.	very weak.
B.	virtually flat .
C.	positive and very close to linear.
D.	negative and very close to linear.

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ECON 105 Lecture : Chapter 10 Short-run Macro Model

ECON 105 Full Course Notes

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