HSCI 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Stop Codon, Start Codon, Dna Polymerase
12 Jun 2013
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A-t | g-c = complementary base pairing. Replication = semiconservative: one parent strand conserved. Other rna: ribozymes enzymatic rnas, snorna components of mrna splicing. Explain how genetic code encodes for 20 aa"s from only 4 bases. 4 bases in nucleic acids: 20 amino acids, 3 bases = one amino, = codon. Rna polymerase synthesizes mrna using dna template. Mrna processed before leaving nucleus: exons are expressed. Larger ribosomal joins: elongation: polypeptide chain grows, start codon recognized next codon aligned, peptide bond forms by enzymes, ribosome movement, termination: protein synthesis stops (poly a tail, stop codon moves into ribosome. No complementary pair just termination: parts disassemble. Mrna moves into cytoplasm trnas with anticodons carry amino to mrna anticodon-codon complementary base pairing (on trna) polypeptide synthesis takes place one amino at a time. Genetic engineering biotechnology field where scientists make controlled use of living cells to perform specific tasks recombinant dna dna formed from 2+ sources: 1.
