HSCI 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Autoimmune Disease, Hemoglobin, Glycated Hemoglobin

• School: Simon Fraser University
• Department: Health Sciences
• Course: HSCI 100
• Professor: Nienke Van Houten

Document Summary

18 million people in us, 3 million in can; 1/3 to 1/5 diagnosed. Symptoms: frequent urination, unusual hunger/thirst, higher blood pressure, blurred vision, sores that heal slowly or not al all, excessive fatigue. Metabolism shifts from using glucose to using fats, some of the metabolic products are ketoacids & this ends up acidifying blood. Long-term effect are blindness, los of limbs, nerve deterioration, kidney & cardiovascular disease. Acute complication: hyperglycemia (high blood glucose, hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) Caused by taking to much insulin; insulin shock can be fatal: diabetic ketoacidosis (dka) Too little insulin causes energy starved cells to break down lipids, resulting in the production of ketones (acids) that disrupt blood ph. Long-term complication: high blood glucose damages blood vessels. Blindness: infections of the skin & gums, depression. Type 1: usually early onset, autoimmune disorder that tends to run in families, pancreatic cells are attacked & cannot produce insulin, need insulin injections. Glucose moves from digestive tract into bloodstream.