HSCI 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Bone Marrow, Intermediate Filament
8 Sep 2016
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Free ribosomes = proteins go to cytoplasm or nucleus, not in or across membranes. Bound ribosomes = on endoplasmic reticulum (er) membrane, and proteins go into or across membranes. The endomembrane system: the endoplasmic reticulum (er) manufactures membranes and performs many other biosynthetic functions, the golgi apparatus finishes, sorts, and ships cell products. Lysosomes are digestive compartments: endosomes are vesicles derived from plasma membrane endocytosis, vacuoles have diverse functions in cell maintenance. Er = the membranes in a eukaryotic cell. Catalyzes a key step in the mobilization of glucose from stored glycogen in the liver. An enzyme removes the phosphate group from glucose phosphate, a product of glycogen hydrolysis, permitting glucose to exit the cell and go to other cells via the bloodstream. Rough er is especially abundant in those cells that secrete proteins. As a polypeptide is synthesized by the ribosome, it is threaded into the cisterna space through a pore.
