HSCI 130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Thomas Robert Malthus, Diminishing Returns, Industrial Revolution
17 Mar 2016
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3 factors: fertility, infant mortality, longevity. Animal domestication & agriculture provided for a few to feed many. Industrial revolution: growth of cities & infrastructure. Water, energy, transportation: increased productivity, nutrition, sanitation, medicine. Function of natural increases & net migration. Migration does not play a role at a global level. Population (t+n) = pop (t) + (births death) + (in out migrants) Stage 1: pre-industrial society high, unstable birth & death rates, pop growth rate slow, importance of kids, low life expectancy. Stage 2: early industrial society high birth rates, falling death rate, high pop growth. Stage 3: late industrial society low death rate, falling birth rate, high pop growth. Stage 4: post-industrial society low birth & death rates, low. Based on western societies (eu, na, jap) Not inevitable that there will be a fall in fertility rates in low income countries.
