HSCI 212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Immunology, Polio Vaccine, Tetanus
10 Apr 2018
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Document Summary
Infected child with cowpox and exposed him to smallpox who did not get sick from smallpox: discovered that immunity can last for 10 years or longer. Variolation: inoculation of a small amount of primary material from ex. a smallpox pustule: cause mild infection but long-lasting protection against reinfection. Vaccination: inoculation of a small amount of derived material from a pathogen. Ideally causes no disease but long-lasting protection against reinfection: smallpox had a human reservoir, by late 1970s, smallpox was officially declared eradicated, first organism which we have intentionally driven to extinction. Pertussis = whooping cough: extremely contagious, very high herd immunity threshold that"s needed to achieve immunity across population. Tetanus: does not have human reservoir - more difficult to cure.
