PHIL 110 Lecture 20: Lecture 20
15 Mar 2016
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Bonus question to be handed in in tutorials: Determine whether the following syllogism involving four different categories of things is valid using a carroll diagram: Nobody who puts ketchup in their grilled cheese sandwich has taste. Therefore, nobody who"s from qu bec puts ketchup in their grilled cheese sandwich. To allow for general methods for determining validity, we"ve introduced the weaker notion of formal validity. An argument is formally valid if and only if there is a valid argument form of which it is an instance. To ease the study of logical form, weave introduced a symbolic language that we de ned recursively. We began our study of logical form by focusing on statement operators and in particular truth-functional operators. Base case: accepting axiomatically that some things satisfy the de nition. Recursive rules: rules that you can apply to generate more things satisfying the de nition. Closure clause: a clause that nothing else satis es the de nition.
