SA 150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Nationstates, John Foxx, Class Discrimination

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CHAPTER 5: Social Roles, Interaction, and Organization
Georg Simmel
Help us to think about small-scale, face-to-face social interaction
Part of the first generation of German sociologists
Friend of Max Weber
His father ran a successful chocolate factory
When his dad died Simmel inherited a lot of money
Was once shot at by disgruntled tenant of his uncle’s property
Charles H. Cooley
Another sociologist working in daily, one-on-one social interactions
The Looking-Glass self has three components
1. How you imagine you appear to others
2. How you imagine those others judge your appearance
3. How you feel about yourself
Erving Goffman
Dramaturgical approach: sociological research that utilizes methodology of life taking
place on a stage with a front stage for public display and back stage for personal
encounters.
Impression management: the tactics people employ when presenting themselves
publicly
Actors in social situations attempts to act in such way to attempt to avoid
being embarrassed or embarrassing others.
Actors seldom accept shame or embarrassment passively; instead they try to
manage it, by avoidance if possible
Argues that if shame or embarrassment cannot be avoided, them people often
actively deny it, attempting to save on face on one hand and to avoid pain on the
other during the performance.
Shame signals and generates alienation; shame is part of social control, a very
effective one.
Social Status
It is a recognized social position that a person occupies
Can have multiple roles
Implies responsibilities and expectations that establish the individual’s relationship to
others
Status set: the number of statuses people have.
Achieved: status you were not born into but entered at same stage in your
life (did something to earn it)
Ascribed: status you were born into such as ‘female’, ‘male’, ‘daughter’, ‘son’,
citizenship, religion (last two can change to be achieved)
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Document Summary

Charles h. cooley: another sociologist working in daily, one-on-one social interactions, the looking-glass self has three components, how you imagine you appear to others, how you imagine those others judge your appearance, how you feel about yourself. Erving goffman: dramaturgical approach: sociological research that utilizes methodology of life taking place on a stage with a front stage for public display and back stage for personal encounters. It is a recognized social position that a person occupies. Implies responsibilities and expectations that establish the individual"s relationship to others: status set: the number of statuses people have. Achieved: status you were not born into but entered at same stage in your life (did something to earn it) Ascribed: status you were born into such as female", male", daughter", son", citizenship, religion (last two can change to be achieved) Master status: everett c. hughes: signifies the status that dominates all other statuses and plays the greatest role in the formation of social identity.

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