BIOL 1050H Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Pivot Joint, Kyphosis, Thoracic Vertebrae
16 Jan 2018
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Document Summary
Four primary tissues are: epithelial, connective, nervous, muscular. Excitable tissues: nervous and muscular tissues (stimulated by a change in membrane potential) Membrane potential = electrical difference (voltage) across a cell membrane. Membrane potential change results in a cellular response: nerve cells rapid signal transmission between cells (neuron-neuron, neuron- muscle, muscle cells cell contraction. Exert physical force on other tissues and organs. Creates movement for various functions: body and limb movement (appendicular muscles, digestion (peristalsis, smooth muscle in small intestine, waste elimination (sphincters, breathing (diaphragm, speech (tongue, blood circulation (smooth muscle in blood vessels, source of body heat. Functions of the skeletal system: support, protection (brain, spinal cord, heart, lungs, etc. , movement, electrolyte balance (calcium and phosphate reservoir, acid-base balance (dissolve calcium carbonate in to counter acidity, blood formation (red bone marrow) Bone tissue: compact bone dense outer covering, spongy bone inner loosely organized tissue. Bone: organic component: cells, collagen fibre.
