CAST 1103H Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: French And Indian War, Iroquois, John Cabot
14 Jun 2018
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The Royal Proclamation & Overview.
• October 7, 1763
• No Canada or U.S.A. yet!
• 3 colonies established in Quebec, West Florida and East Florida
• 2 wars fought concurrently
o The French and Indian war (1754-63)
o The Seven Years war (1756-63)
• Pontiac challenges British authority, taking several forts. British retaliated by handing
out smallpox riddles blankets to Pontiac's supporters.
Pre-Contact
• Most widely accepted ideas are that indigenous people are genetically related to people in
parts of Asia.
• 11500-year-old remains, the Sunrise Girl child. Evidence of migration across the
Bering Strait.
• Inuit the last to arrive.
• Believed to have been millions of people with vibrant cultures.
Early Relations
• Reach the shores at 1000ce, then again in the 14th centuries
• 16th century the French, Portuguese, Basque and later the English fishermen
• Value of furs in Europe and the indigenous seeking weaponry for war.
• Kidnapped indigenous people to return to Europe.
• Episodic skirmishes with the Europeans.
• 3 most influential explorers John Cabot, Cartier and Samuel De Champlain
• Early 16th century focus become claiming new land. New Found Land - Cabot.
• Cartier claims the territory in the name of France is Gaspe peninsula
• The name Canada means village
• Cartier kidnapped 2 sons of a prominent chief, Donnacona and ends up being responsible
for spreading infectious diseases.
• Seeking the northwest passage, explorers moved deeper into Canada
• Beothuk where driven inland and eliminated, genocide
The Rise of New France
• fur trade expands into Canada
• Iroquois abandoned the st Lawrence area
• 1608 Champlain arrives and establishes the St. Lawrence as an artery for fur trade
• Champlain aligns with the Hurons but has constant battles with the Iroquois confederacy.
• The Black Robes proselytize
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