PHIL 1200H Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Falkland Islands, Syntactic Ambiguity, Dog Bite

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Ambiguity (cid:862)(cid:449)o(cid:396)ds o(cid:396) ph(cid:396)ases a(cid:396)e a(cid:373)(cid:271)iguous (cid:449)he(cid:374) the(cid:455) ha(cid:448)e (cid:373)o(cid:396)e tha(cid:374) o(cid:374)e spe(cid:272)ifia(cid:271)le (cid:373)ea(cid:374)i(cid:374)g i(cid:374) the (cid:272)o(cid:374)te(cid:454)t i(cid:374) (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h the(cid:455) a(cid:396)ise(cid:863) Vague terms have no clearly identifiable meaning for an audience. Ambiguous terms have more than one meaning in the context in which they arise. Two inte(cid:396)p(cid:396)etatio(cid:374)s. does the (cid:862)(cid:396)u(cid:374)(cid:374)i(cid:374)g(cid:863) (cid:373)ea(cid:374) its fu(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374)i(cid:374)g, o(cid:396) is it t(cid:396)otti(cid:374)g do(cid:449)(cid:374) the st(cid:396)eet. Tires could mean car tires or getting tired. Either the cow is hurting the farmer who has an ax or the cow hurts the farmer with an ax (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge to (cid:862)fa(cid:396)(cid:373)e(cid:396) (cid:449)ith a(cid:454) is i(cid:374)ju(cid:396)ed (cid:271)(cid:455) e(cid:374)(cid:396)aged (cid:272)o(cid:449)(cid:863) Semantic or syntactic ambiguity? (how an we avoid the ambiguity?) (cid:862)ha(cid:448)i(cid:374)g kissed he(cid:396) f(cid:396)ie(cid:374)d(cid:859)s fa(cid:373)il(cid:455) a fo(cid:374)d fa(cid:396)e(cid:449)ell, she tu(cid:396)(cid:374)ed a laid a (cid:449)et kiss upo(cid:374) he(cid:396) hus(cid:271)a(cid:374)d (cid:271)efo(cid:396)e lea(cid:448)i(cid:374)g the (cid:396)oo(cid:373)(cid:863) Does(cid:374)(cid:859)t (cid:373)ake (cid:272)lea(cid:396) (cid:449)hethe(cid:396) it(cid:859)s he(cid:396) hus(cid:271)a(cid:374)d that she kissed, o(cid:396) he(cid:396) f(cid:396)ie(cid:374)d(cid:859)s hus(cid:271)a(cid:374)d. Syntactic ambiguity (amphibole) (cid:862)b(cid:396)itish left (cid:449)affles o(cid:374) falkla(cid:374)d isla(cid:374)d(cid:863)

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