PSYC 2018H Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Internal Validity, Operational Definition, Milgram Experiment

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Fabricating or falsifying data (cid:862)massagi(cid:374)g data(cid:863: whe(cid:374) (cid:455)ou do(cid:374)(cid:859)t (cid:373)ake it up, (cid:271)ut (cid:455)ou (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge it a little (cid:271)it. Scientific misconduct: authorship (cid:862)ghost-(cid:449)(cid:396)iti(cid:374)g(cid:863) (cid:449)he(cid:374) so(cid:373)eo(cid:374)e (cid:449)(cid:396)ites a pape(cid:396) a(cid:374)d is(cid:374)(cid:859)t (cid:272)(cid:396)edited fo(cid:396) it; so(cid:373)eo(cid:374)e (cid:449)ho did (cid:374)ot (cid:449)(cid:396)ite the pape(cid:396) is (cid:272)(cid:396)edited. That pe(cid:396)so(cid:374)(cid:859)s (cid:396)eputatio(cid:374) goes up si(cid:374)(cid:272)e the(cid:455)(cid:859)(cid:396)e (cid:272)(cid:396)edited, even though they did not do anything on the paper: abuse of power. Professors and supervisors have a power dynamic over the students. Can sometimes result in abuses of power: poorly designed studies. Doing a quick job at something is not ethical. You would only find studies that show a big result. The other studies that show no effect are not published. You only have a(cid:272)(cid:272)ess to (cid:449)hat is pu(cid:271)lished, so (cid:455)ou do(cid:374)(cid:859)t get to see all the (cid:374)egati(cid:448)e studies. Open access journals? (accessible by anyone: recent aaron schwartz case- downloaded journals and made them open to everyone- got sued, who pays, democracy of knowledge access vs. production.

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