PSYC 2500H Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Free Recall, Object Permanence, Dishabituation
26 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Module 3
Physical Development: The Brain, Body, Motor Skills, and Sexual
Development (Ch.5)
Development of the Brain
- Neurons are basic units of the brain
- Transmit information via synapses
oSynaptogenesis proceeds rapidly
Brain Growth
- Myelination occurs at different rates
oProcess of coating neurons with myelin sheath
oSensory pathways to brain myelinated at birth
oProceeds rapidly over first years of life
oFrontal cortex not fully myelinated until adolescence
Brain Differentiation
Motor Development
- Cephalocaudal and proximodistal patterns
Skill Month when 90% of infants have mastered
Lifts head while on stomach 3.2
Rolls over 4.7
Sits without support 7.8
Crawls 9.0
Stands well alone 13.9
Walks well 14.3
- Viewpoints on sequencing of motor dev.
oMaturation viewpoint:
Unfolding of a genetically programmed series of events
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Document Summary
Physical development: the brain, body, motor skills, and sexual. Neurons are basic units of the brain. Transmit information via synapses: synaptogenesis proceeds rapidly. Myelination occurs at different rates: process of coating neurons with myelin sheath, sensory pathways to brain myelinated at birth, proceeds rapidly over first years of life, frontal cortex not fully myelinated until adolescence. Viewpoints on sequencing of motor dev: maturation viewpoint: Unfolding of a genetically programmed series of events. Evidence from cross-cultural findings: experiential hypothesis: New skills are active reorganizations of existing skills. Reorganization occurs as new, more effective ways of exploring are sought. Strategic memory: conscious effort to retain or retrieve information, includes mnemonics (memory strategies) Event memory: long-term memory for events, includes autobiographical memories. Deferred imitation: infants can store information in long term memory and retrieve the information months later. Evidence of early event memory: object permanence, deferred imitation. Scripts aid memory of young children: typical sequence of events in a familiar context.
